As winter approaches, more and more people have questions about the use and storage of batteries, such as whether the battery capacity changes and whether the performance is reduced. In fact, Temperature has a significant impact on batteries.
What effect does temperature have on batteries?
The advantages of lithium iron phosphate batteries are high safety factor and strong stability. Generally, the working environment of LiFePO4 battery is between -50°C and 80°C. However, in practical applications, lfp batteries produce heat, so we recommend that the battery's operating temperature is -4°F ~ 140°F (-20°C ~ 60°C), the battery's charging temperature is 32°F ~ 122°F (0°C ~ 50°C), and the storage temperature is -14°F ~ 122°F (-10°C ~ 50°C). Of course, due to the particularity of the material, lithium iron phosphate batteries have weak conductivity advantages in low temperature environments, and low temperature environments will affect the flow of electrolyte. Due to the high conductivity and low freezing point of the electrolyte, it is easy to freeze in low temp environments. The working performance of LiFePO4 batteries at low temperatures will be reduced. The best optimal temperature for battery discharge capacity is 25°C.
Why is cryoprotection needed?
Low-temperature cut off protection is essential for lithium batteries because operating or charging them at too low temperatures may have adverse effects on their performance and lifespan. When a lithium battery is exposed to extremely low temperatures, several issues may arise:
-
Capacity reduction: Low temperatures reduce the chemical reaction rate inside the battery, resulting in reduced battery capacity. This means that the battery will provide less power and run for a shorter period of time.
-
Increased internal resistance: Low temperatures also increase the internal resistance of the battery. This higher resistance makes it more difficult for the battery to provide the required current, leading to reduced performance.
-
Potential damage: Low temperatures can cause permanent damage to the chemical components of the battery. In extremely cold conditions, the electrolyte in the battery may freeze, causing the battery casing to expand and possibly rupture. This can lead to leaks, loss of battery capacity, and even explosion risks.
Implementing low-temperature protection mechanisms, such as preventing charging or discharging below specific temperature thresholds, can maintain battery performance, capacity, and overall lifespan. It helps ensure that the battery performs optimally and avoids potential risks associated with extreme temperatures.
The low-temp charging protection temperature is 32°F±39.2°F (0℃±4℃),
The low-temp discharge protection temperature is -4°F±39.2°F (-20℃±4℃).
Which Vatrer Power products have low temp cut-off protection?
12V 100Ah LiFePO4 Battery,
12V 200Ah Deep Cycle Battery,
12V 300Ah Solar Battery,
12V 460Ah RV Battery,
48V 100Ah Server Rack LiFePO4 Lithium Solar Battery,
48V/36V 105Ah Golf Cart Battery,
We have specially launched heated products to keep you free from temperature worries in winter, such as the 12V 100Ah Self-Heating LiFePO4 Battery. When the temperature is below 32°F (0℃), the battery will automatically heat up. When the battery temperature rises to 41°F (5℃), the heating will automatically turn off, and normal charging will resume. Safety is Vatrer Power's top priority. It is equipped with the most advanced batteries that can guarantee a long service life of over 5,000 cycles at 100% depth of discharge (DOD) and 100% state of charge (SOC). In addition, the battery is also equipped with an ultra-safe and stable 100A battery management system (BMS), with a low discharge rate to ensure reliable and long-lasting power supply.
There are several tips for keeping batteries warm in winter:
-
Store batteries in a climate-controlled environment: If possible, store batteries in a temperature-controlled space such as indoors or a heated garage. Avoid exposing them to extremely cold temperatures.
-
Use insulation materials: Wrap batteries in insulation materials such as blankets or foam to provide an additional insulation layer and minimize heat loss. This helps maintain a higher temperature around the battery.
-
Utilize battery heating mechanisms: Some batteries (such as Vatrer's 12V 100Ah self-heating LiFePO4 battery) come with built-in heating mechanisms. These allow batteries to maintain suitable operating temperatures even in cold conditions. Be sure to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper use.
-
Preheat batteries before use: If your battery does not have a built-in heating device, you can preheat it before use. Place them in a warmer environment for a period of time before installation or charging.
-
Use battery blankets or heating pads: Battery blankets or heating pads are designed to provide a constant source of heat for batteries. They are particularly useful for applications where batteries are exposed to natural environments such as RVs or boats. Be sure that the blanket or pad is compatible with your battery type and follow the manufacturer's safety guidelines.
-
Optimize charging conditions: When charging batteries in cold conditions, use chargers designed specifically for low temperatures. These chargers typically have temperature compensation functions that adjust the charging process according to ambient temperature. This helps prevent overcharging and undercharging.
-
Minimize exposure to low temperatures: Whenever possible, avoid exposing batteries to extremely cold temperatures. If you need to use them outdoors, try to reduce the time spent in cold conditions by using appropriate insulation and protection.
Some tips on storing batteries:
Properly storing lithium batteries in winter is crucial for maintaining their health and extending their lifespan. The following are some basic steps to follow when storing lithium batteries:
-
Charge the battery: Before storing the battery, make sure it is fully charged. Full charge helps prevent self-discharge and keeps the battery stable during storage.
-
Remove the battery: If possible, remove the lithium battery. This step helps prevent potential power consumption and protects the battery from extreme low temperatures.
-
Choose a dry place: Find a dry and cool place to store the battery. Avoid areas with high humidity or drastic temperature fluctuations.
Follow these best practices for using lithium batteries long-term:
-
Keep moderate temperature: Store batteries in an area with relatively stable temperatures, ideally between 10 and 20 degrees Celsius (50 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit). Extreme temperatures should be avoided.
-
Keep a charge level between 40% and 60%: Lithium-ion batteries should be stored with around a 40% charge level to prevent over-discharge or overcharge during storage.
-
By following these tips and best practices, you can ensure that your batteries remain in good condition throughout winter and beyond.
